MySQL Tutorial for Beginners

 MySQL Tutorial for Beginners

MySQL tutorial

MySQL was developed by MySQL AB, a Swedish company formed in 1995. In 2008, MySQL AB announced that Sun Microsystems had agreed to purchase it for around $1 billion.

MySQL is RDMS(Relational Database Management System).  It's a free open source SQL database management system and storing information for your website and directly use PHP to access that material and it's very easy for beginners to learn MySQL for MySql Tutorial for Beginners. It is fast, reliable and user-friendly. MySQL is a cross-platform that operates on a computer.

There are different Types Of Keys that are used in Database

• Candidate Key - The candidate keys in a table are specified as the minimum set of keys, and can identify any data row in the table uniquely.

• Primary Key - It is chosen from one of the candidate keys and becomes a table's identifying key.

• Super Key - It is the main key Superset. It includes a set of attributes including the primary key, which can define every data row in the table in a unique way.

• Composite Key -  If any single table attribute can not be the key i.e. it can not uniquely identify a row, instead we combine two or more attributes to form a key. This is known as the key to composite.

• Secondary Key - This chooses only one of the candidate keys as the primary key.

• Foreign Key - It is a value of the attribute in a table that acts as the primary key in another. Therefore, the international key is useful in connecting two tables together. Information should be entered with great care in the international key column because information entered incorrectly will invalidate the relationship between the two columns.

There are four types of SQL:

1. DDL(Data Definition Language)
2. DML(Data Manipulation Language)
3. DCL(Data Control Language)
4. TCL(Transaction Control Language)

1. DDL

DDL is a Data Definition Language is the statement or commands which are used to define the database and Change the structure of your database tables.

There are some commands of DDL are:

• CREATE –  It is used to create the records in the database.

Following syntax are:

CREATE DATABASE <DB_NAME>;

• ALTER  - It is a command that is used to alters the structure of the database.

Following syntax are:

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD(

    column_name datatype);

• DROP – It is used to drop/delete the table from the database.

Following syntax are:

DROP TABLE table_name

• TRUNCATE –  It is used to remove all records from a table, including all spaces allocated to the information/records are removed.

Following syntax are:

TRUNCATE TABLE table_name

• COMMENT – Comment is used to add comments to the data dictionary.

• RENAME – It is a command that is used to rename a table.

Following syntax are:

RENAME TABLE old_table_name to new_table_name

2. DML

DML is a Data Manipulation Language is the statement or commands which are used to manipulate the data including various SQL commands.

 

There are some commands of DML are:

• SELECT - It is used to select/retrieves data from a table.

Following syntax are:

SELECT 

    column_name1, 

    column_name2, 

    column_name3, 

    ...

    column_nameN 

    FROM table_name;

• INSERT - It is a command that is used to insert new data into a database.

Following syntax are:

INSERT INTO table_name VALUES(data1, data2, ...)

• UPDATE - It is used to update/modify existing data within a table.

Following syntax are:

UPDATE table_name SET column_name = new_value WHERE some_condition;

• DELETE - It is used to delete all records from a database table.

Following syntax are:

DELETE FROM table_name;

3. DCL

DCL is a Data Control Language is the statement or commands which is used to deals with rights, permissions and other controls of a database system and the commands include such as Grant and Revoke.

There are some Commands of DCLare:

• GRANT - It is used to allow users to access privileges to the database.

Following command of grant is:

GRANT privilege_name

ON object_name

TO {user_name |PUBLIC |role_name}

[WITH GRANT OPTION];

• REVOKE - It is used to withdraw the user's access privileges given by using the GRANT command.

Following the syntax of revoke is:

REVOKE privilege_name

ON object_name

FROM {user_name |PUBLIC |role_name}

4. TCL

TCL is used to Transaction Control Language is the statement or commands which are used to deal with the transaction of the database.

This MySQL tutorial is meant for absolute beginners and as we all know it is a business database platform that is easy and simple to use and it is generally used with PHP. Nowadays, when the world is in constant need of people who can work with huge amounts of data if you have the opportunity, you shouldn’t think twice about it because you will be prepared every time for every chance and that is the best reason to learn MySQL.